Los angeles: Researchers at the University of Southern California have discovered a small protein encoded in the human mitochondrial genome that may help explain some of the underlying causes of type 2 diabetes and pave the way for new treatments targeting metabolic disorders.

According to Saudi Press Agency, after analyzing health and genetic data from more than 15,000 adults, the researchers found that a genetic variant affecting the production of the newly identified protein, MENTSH, is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes. Laboratory experiments also showed that the protein improves cells' response to insulin, while modified versions of the protein helped limit weight gain in mice placed on a high-fat diet.

The research team noted that this discovery represents an important step toward developing more precise and effective treatments for patients with diabetes and obesity in the future.